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mttssn research · Nordic Deep Dive
AF Gruppen (AFG.OL)
Industrials · Norwegian construction & civil engineering · FY2025
Analysis date: 2026-06-15
Price at analysis: NOK 186.00
Method: mttssn_streamlined_v1
Conviction: MEDIUM
HOLD
Conviction: MEDIUM
A well-run Norwegian contractor with a record backlog, 5.2% EBIT margin (a cyclically strong year) and structurally net-cash working capital. Headline ROIC ~36% flatters a prepayment-funded balance sheet; the fairer through-cycle ROIC is ~24%. After a strong run the stock sits ~30% above ~NOK 142 consensus with order intake softening. HOLD/cautious; base NOK 165.
Adj. ROIC
36.0%
WACC 10% → spread +26.0pp
Economic Profit
+NOK 936M
+NOK ~936M @ 10% WACC (peak-year; through-cycle thinner)
FCF Yield
14.8%
Prepayment-funded; high payout
Price / Target
NOK 186 → NOK 165
-11% base; HOLD
Revenue (LTM)
NOK 32.0B
FY2025 ~NOK 32bn (+4.4%)
EBIT Margin
5.2%
EBIT margin 5.2% (cyclically strong, up from 3.8%)
EV / IC
5.33×
Enterprise value / invested capital
Net Debt
net cash NOK 2.7B
Net cash (working-capital float)
Thesis

AF Gruppen builds buildings and civil infrastructure across Norway/Sweden, plus energy/environment and offshore decommissioning. FY2025 was cyclically strong — revenue ~NOK 32bn, EBIT margin up to 5.2% (from 3.8%), net profit ~NOK 1.3bn — with a record backlog. The balance sheet is structurally net cash, but largely because customers pre-fund projects (a working-capital float), so the headline ~36% ROIC overstates durable returns; the through-cycle figure is closer to ~24%.

Quality is real but cyclicality and valuation cap it: contracting carries thin structural margins and project risk, FY2025's margin is above-trend, and the stock trades ~30% above the ~NOK 142 consensus target with order intake softening. A good operator at a full cyclical-peak price.

Valuation · reverse-DCF & scenarios

On a normalized ~24% through-cycle ROIC and mid-cycle margins, the current ~NOK 186 prices in continued peak execution; consensus sits ~NOK 142.

Base NOK 165 (a premium to consensus for quality + backlog, below the peak-year price); bull NOK 205 if margins and order intake hold; bear NOK 130 on a construction-cycle downturn.

Market-implied growth
+7.0%
NOPAT CAGR over 5y the EV already requires
No-growth value / share
NOK 149
80% of price; rest = priced-in growth
ROIC − WACC
+26.0 pp
ROIC 36.0% vs WACC 10.0% — positive = value creation
CAP (priced-in)
10.1 yrs
years of excess returns the price implies (fades to WACC)

The market pays today’s enterprise value for roughly 7.0% NOPAT growth over 5 years. The business earns 36% on capital against a 10% cost of capital (spread +26.0 pp); the no-growth value is NOK 149/share (80% of price), so the rest is priced-in growth.

Scenario24m targetImpl. gUpsideProb.Driver
BullNOK 205+10%+10%30%Margins + order intake hold
BaseNOK 165+3%-11%45%Premium to consensus for quality + backlog
BearNOK 130-4%-30%25%Construction-cycle downturn
Prob-weightedNOK 168-10%100%Scenario-weighted expected value

Sensitivity — fair value / share at WACC × growth

WACC \ g0%3%5%8%10%15%
8.50%183202217240256303
9.25%164181193213227267
10.00% (base)149164174192204238
10.75%137150159174185214
11.50%127138147160169195

Green = fair value above the current price of NOK 186.00. The reverse-DCF conclusion is dominated by WACC and growth — see the whole surface, not a single fair value.

Method & data. NOPAT NOK 1,296, invested capital and ROIC 36.0% are observed (adjustments.json); WACC 10.0% and terminal g 2.5% are assumptions. EV→equity uses net debt NOK -1,274. The model holds ROIC constant (no fade) over the explicit horizon; the CAP figure instead fades excess returns to WACC.

⤓ Download the full model (.xlsx) — formula-driven sheets; flex the blue input cells and the model cascades in Excel.

Key drivers

1. Record backlog

A large order book underpins near-term revenue visibility.

2. Margin resilience

5.2% EBIT margin (up from 3.8%) — execution + mix.

3. Net-cash + dividend

Prepayment-funded net cash supports a high payout.

4. Decommissioning niche

Offshore decommissioning is a differentiated growth leg.

Key risks
Conclusion

AF Gruppen is a quality contractor with a record backlog and net-cash balance sheet, but FY2025's margin is cyclically strong and the stock trades ~30% above consensus. HOLD/cautious; base NOK 165.

Through-cycle ROIC ~24% is the fair anchor; accumulate on a cyclical pullback, not at the peak.

Footnote evidence & sources

Every adjustment traces to the cited note/page in the source filing — click to open it there. Source reports archived locally.

Adjustment / figureValueSourceWhy mttssn treats it this way
Revenue (FY2025)31,992Condensed consolidated statement of incomeRevenue line, 2025 full-year column = 31,992 (prior year 30,638), +4.4% YoY. Confirmed on the key-figures summary (p. 4).
EBIT (earnings before financial items and tax, FY2025)1,662Condensed consolidated statement of incomeEBIT line, 2025 = 1,662 (prior year 1,149). Operating-profit margin 5.2% (from 3.8%). Used directly as adjusted EBIT (no verified add-backs).
EBITDA (FY2025)2,434Condensed consolidated statement of incomeEBITDA 2,434 (prior 1,850). Includes net gains/profit from associates +179, which is part of the recurring operating model and retained above EBIT.
Earnings before tax (FY2025)1,653Condensed consolidated statement of incomeEBT 1,653 = EBIT 1,662 + net financial items -9. Used with tax expense to derive the effective tax rate (22.1%).
Income tax expense (FY2025)-365Condensed consolidated statement of incomeIncome tax expense -365 on EBT 1,653 = effective rate 22.08%, essentially equal to the Norwegian statutory 22% used for NOPAT.
Profit for the period / attributable split (FY2025)1,289Condensed consolidated statement of incomeNet profit 1,289 = 1,093 to parent shareholders + 196 to non-controlling interests. EPS 9.99 (diluted 9.93).
Order backlog / order intake (FY2025)44,716Key figures summaryOrder backlog 44,716 at 31 Dec 2025 (prior 40,351); FY2025 order intake 36,357 (prior 28,998). Backlog ~1.4x revenue. Q4'25 intake 9,587 fell vs Q4'24 12,505 — leading indicator softening.
Total equity / NCI / parent equity (31 Dec 2025)3,949Consolidated statement of financial positionTotal equity 3,949 = equity attributable to parent 2,900 + non-controlling interests 1,048. Equity ratio 23.1%.
AOCI components (31 Dec 2025)103Statement of changes in equityTranslation differences +144 + actuarial pension gain/(loss) -21 + cash-flow hedge -20 = net AOCI +103. equity_ex_oci = total equity 3,949 - 103 = 3,846.
Interest-bearing debt ex-lease (31 Dec 2025)47Consolidated statement of financial positionInterest-bearing debt 37 (non-current) + 10 (current) = 47. AF carries virtually no conventional financial debt; the bulk of 'gross interest-bearing liabilities' (1,508) is IFRS 16 leases.
Lease liabilities (IFRS 16, 31 Dec 2025)1,460Consolidated statement of financial position / IFRS 16 note p. 42Lease liability 1,103 (non-current) + 357 (current) = 1,460 (right-of-use assets 1,420). INCLUDED in invested capital: leased plant/equipment/facilities are genuine operating assets for a contractor and lease depreciation (368) is inside EBIT.
Cash and cash equivalents / interest-bearing receivables (31 Dec 2025)2,391Consolidated statement of financial positionCash 2,391 (prior 1,033). Plus interest-bearing receivables 365 (NC) + 26 (C) = 391. Cash is overwhelmingly customer-prepayment-funded (operating WC ~ -3,939); 639.8 (~2% revenue) retained as operational cash, 1,751.2 treated as excess and stripped from IC.
Net interest-bearing debt (receivables) / capital employed (31 Dec 2025)-1,274Key figures / Capital-employed reconciliationCompany net interest-bearing debt (receivables) = -1,274 (net cash, incl leases). Company 'capital employed' = equity 3,949 + gross interest-bearing liabilities 1,508 = 5,457 (the conservative IC reference base; NOPAT-basis ROIC 23.8%).
Shares outstanding / dividend proposed110The share / shareholdersTotal number of shares 110,056,631 as at 31 Dec 2025; own shares 0, so shares outstanding net of treasury = 110,056,631. Board proposed dividend NOK 6.50/share for 2026 (prior 5.00). Used for market cap with verified price NOK 186.00. Note third-party ~113.6m reflects the Q1 2026 share issue.
Analysis history

How the mttssn view has evolved — each prior dated note is preserved.

Quality · Buffett tenets10 / 15
Understandable business
AF Gruppen — Norwegian construction & civil-engineering contractor (building, civil, energy/environment, offshore decommissioning); legible.
Durable moat
Low: contracting is competitive and project-based with thin structural margins; the edge is execution + local position.
Able & honest management
Disciplined, high-payout, record backlog; well-run for a contractor.
Financial strength
Structurally net cash via project prepayments (a working-capital float, not durable surplus); 5.2% EBIT margin.
Margin of safety
Limited: ~through-cycle ROIC ~24% is healthy, but the stock is ~30% above ~NOK 142 consensus after a strong-margin year.